Present Tenses
1. Present Indefinite (Simple Present)
कब Use करें?
- आदतें और दिनचर्या - "He goes to school every day."
- सामान्य तथ्य - "The sun rises in the east."
- भावनाएं और पसंद - "I like coffee."
Structure
Subject + V1 (+ s/es) (He/She/It के साथ s/es)
"She plays tennis."
Keywords
Always, usually, often, every day, never
उदाहरण: "He drinks tea every morning."
2. Present Continuous (वर्तमान में चल रही क्रिया)
कब Use करें?
- इस समय हो रही क्रिया - "She is reading a book."
- आस-पास के समय में हो रही क्रिया - "I am working on a project these days."
Structure
Subject + is/am/are + verb + ing
"They are watching a movie."
Keywords
Now, right now, at the moment, these days
उदाहरण: "I am studying English now."
3. Present Perfect (अभी-अभी पूरा हुआ काम)
कब Use करें?
- अभी-अभी पूरी हुई क्रिया - "I have finished my homework."
- अनुभव - "She has visited Paris."
- भूत से वर्तमान तक असर - "He has lived here for 5 years."
Structure
Subject + has/have + V3
"We have eaten lunch."
Keywords
Just, already, yet, since, for, ever, never
उदाहरण: "She has already finished her work."
4. Present Perfect Continuous (लंबे समय से जारी क्रिया)
कब Use करें?
- किसी क्रिया की अवधि को दर्शाने के लिए - "I have been reading for two hours."
- हाल में शुरू हुई और अभी भी जारी क्रिया - "They have been working since morning."
Structure
Subject + has/have been + verb+ing
"He has been studying since 6 AM."
Keywords
Since, for, how long, all day
उदाहरण: "I have been learning English for 3 months."
Tense Comparison (तुलना)
| Tense | Example | Hindi Meaning | Usage |
|---|---|---|---|
| Simple Present | "She writes a letter." | वह एक खत लिखती है | Habitual or factual |
| Present Continuous | "She is writing a letter." | वह एक खत लिख रही है | Ongoing action |
| Present Perfect | "She has written a letter." | वह एक खत लिख चुकी है | Recently completed action |
| Present Perfect Continuous | "She has been writing a letter." | वह काफी देर से खत लिख रही है | Long ongoing action |
Common Mistakes (सामान्य गलतियाँ) ❌
- "He go to school every day." ❌
सही: "He goes to school every day." ✅ - "I am play cricket now." ❌
सही: "I am playing cricket now." ✅ - "She has write a letter." ❌
सही: "She has written a letter." ✅
Also read:
Past Tense
Future Tense
